What is Parvovirus B19 the sickness known as Slapped Cheek: Slapped cheek sickness, commonly called parvovirus B19, is gaining attention as instances rise in the US. There has been a recent rise in the prevalence of this infectious virus.
A recent health alert was released by the Centres for illness Control and Prevention (CDC) in response to a notable surge in Parvovirus B19 cases, commonly referred to as “slapped cheek disease.” According to the New York Post, this alert highlights the rising number of cases in the country and offers vital details about the virus, how it spreads, and how to avoid getting infected.
Public health experts in 14 European nations observed an unprecedented increase in cases of parvovirus B19 in the first quarter of 2024. Similar patterns, including a rise in illnesses reported, have been seen by the CDC in the US. The CDC said in its advisory, “CDC has received reports indicating increased parvovirus B19 activity in the US.”
The primary mode of transmission for the highly contagious parvovirus B19 is respiratory droplets. This implies that when an infected individual coughs or sneezes, it could spread. It is one of several paediatric diseases, including measles and scarlet fever, that can result in rashes. Because of its place among these ailments, the virus is also referred to as the fifth disease.
If a person has antibodies to Parvovirus B19, a blood test can determine if they are immune, susceptible, or have had a previous infection. The CDC estimates that 20% to 50% of students and staff may get sick during school outbreaks, and that 50% of persons who are exposed to the virus in their homes would get it.
The typical course of parvovirus B19 symptoms include fever, headache, coughing, sore throat, rash, and joint pain. Nonetheless, a large number of virus carriers do not show any symptoms. When symptoms do arise, they often go through two phases:
Phase One: This stage, which starts around a week after infection, is marked by exhaustion, fever, sore throat, and muscle soreness. This stage is when people are most contagious because virus loads in respiratory secretions and saliva are at their highest. Usually, this stage lasts for five days.
Phase Two: Children may experience a unique facial rash called the “slapped cheek rash” seven to ten days following the onset of the first phase. A rash with mottling on the skin and joint ache could follow this. Joint discomfort and a rash on the torso are more common in adults. Usually by the time the rash develops, the person is no longer communicable.
As of right now, there is no known vaccination or remedy for parvovirus B19. Most people heal fully without the need for medical assistance. It is rare to get severe side effects including encephalitis, hepatitis, or myocarditis.
Pregnant women may contract the virus, however most cases are not life-threatening. But between weeks 9 and 20 of pregnancy, a mother who acquires parvovirus B19 carries a 5% to 10% risk of miscarriage or foetal anaemia.
Pregnant women who exhibit symptoms or who have been exposed to parvovirus B19 are advised to consult a physician, according to the CDC. If symptoms arise, people with weakened immune systems, such as those with long-term blood conditions like sickle cell disease, thalassaemia, or hereditary spherocytosis, should also consult a doctor.
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